4/5 Chemistry update and homework due 4/12

Today we began a block on the chemistry of acids and bases.  We introduced the basic definitions and then did a lab where we used litmus paper 

as an indicator to find the pH of many different substances.

Read pages 308 to 330 in the Conceptual Chemistry text book.

Answer questions 1- 5 and 11 - 17 on page 332

ALSO, Answer the following questions based on today's labs. 

1.  Which two compounds could you say disassociate the most when they are put in water.  (Remember the definition of a strong acid and base.)

2.  Look up those compounds and tell me what ions are probably floating around in the water?

3.  Look up the molecular formula for rubbing alcohol.  Now that you know a bit about what makes an acid or a base, can you see why rubbing alcohol is really pretty neutral?  (Remember to think about the ions.)

Following questions relate to the dilution lab:

4.  When you diluted the vinegar, what happened to the pH?

5.  We seem to get stuck at about a pH of 3.  Do you think if we kept diluting we would have gotten a higher pH?  Do you think we could have gotten the pH to 7?  Why or why not?

6.  Why do you think adding water caused the pH to rise.  Use the words concentration and ions in your answer.

7.  Could we have gotten a pH higher than 7?  Answer: nope.  Why not???  Use the words hydronium ion and hydroxide ion in your answer.

Use the internet to answer the following questions.

4. What acids and/or bases can be found inside your body?  Name at least 4.

5.  Name at least 5 foods that are acidic or basic

Also, extra credit possibility (possible 5 points):

We tested bunches of cleaners today for their pH.  You probably found that some cleaners are basic while others are acidic.  For extra credit, do a bit of research to find out what is the chemistry behind cleaning.  Why are somethings cleaned with basic solutions while others are cleaned with acidic solutions?  Include at least two reaction equations in your paper.   I'd like this to be at least 500 words in order to get full credit.

Another extra credit possibility (possible 5 points):

We mentioned that mixing bleach with ammonia is a bad idea.  Find out why.  What is created and why is it dangerous?  You'll find this is a multi-stage reaction. Include the formulas as well as all the reactants.  There are more than one dangerous thing here so please list all of them and tell me why they are dangerous.  Is ammonia the only thing that is bad to mix with bleach?  What are some other "no-no's" and tell me why they are dangerous as well.